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Tipo dato
tasso di rendimento implicito del titolo di studio
tasso di rendimento implicito del titolo di studio - media
Livello di istruzione
secondaria II grado e post secondaria non terziaria
terziaria
Sesso
maschi
femmine
maschi
femmine
Seleziona periodo
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
Territorio
Australia
14.4
14.2
19.9
19.9
21.4
15.5
13.0
(
g
)
..
10.1
37.3
11.9
11.3
12.7
12.7
10.5
9.3
9.5
(
g
)
..
13.9
49.1
9.1
9.8
9.0
9.0
10.4
8.8
7.5
(
g
)
..
28.2
12.7
11.3
11.8
8.8
8.9
8.5
8.8
8.6
(
g
)
..
29.3
14.3
Austria
12.3
12.4
13.1
12.1
12.5
10.4
19.0
(
g
)
..
10.0
37.1
8.9
9.3
10.6
9.0
8.2
6.5
8.5
(
g
)
..
8.6
47.8
10.4
10.6
11.7
10.1
11.0
10.5
8.4
(
g
)
..
21.3
10.4
9.8
8.6
9.1
9.0
8.8
7.6
6.0
(
g
)
..
15.9
10.4
Belgio
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
0.0
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
10.0
17.0
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
0.0
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
14.7
18.6
11.9
12.0
10.4
11.9
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
9.3
10.9
14.5
14.4
11.0
13.7
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
13.4
17.8
Canada
12.2
13.6
13.9
13.3
14.7
13.1
12.5
(
g
)
..
12.8
13.5
10.7
8.8
7.4
7.1
7.6
10.0
14.3
(
g
)
..
17.1
25.1
11.9
10.8
12.3
10.2
12.2
9.1
10.3
(
g
)
..
17.7
17.0
11.1
11.0
12.2
11.4
13.5
11.6
12.7
(
g
)
..
22.7
22.7
Cile
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
15.6
12.8
10.5
(
g
)
..
30.6
13.6
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
10.0
10.5
(
g
)
..
35.3
18.6
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
15.9
14.9
13.4
(
g
)
..
12.6
31.5
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
13.7
12.1
12.0
(
g
)
..
16.0
36.5
Ceca, Repubblica
14.3
21.2
23.8
18.2
16.7
12.6
8.7
(
g
)
..
10.8
21.2
15.9
21.8
20.7
19.3
11.7
8.6
6.0
(
g
)
..
8.3
30.2
17.6
19.7
20.1
18.6
23.5
21.8
16.6
(
g
)
..
13.7
11.6
16.0
16.3
17.8
15.3
16.3
14.6
10.9
(
g
)
..
19.7
9.9
Corea del sud
(
g
)
..
16.5
12.6
13.1
6.7
(
g
)
..
7.9
(
g
)
..
24.6
16.9
(
g
)
..
12.5
10.8
11.3
0.6
(
g
)
..
4.0
(
g
)
..
19.4
15.0
13.6
9.3
16.0
12.8
6.2
(
g
)
..
9.9
(
g
)
..
17.1
21.6
7.8
9.7
8.6
11.0
5.5
(
g
)
..
9.2
(
g
)
..
18.0
19.8
Danimarca
13.3
11.2
11.8
11.7
16.3
13.5
8.4
(
g
)
..
10.6
50.8
11.1
9.6
9.9
9.1
12.4
10.3
3.9
(
g
)
..
17.7
80.2
9.4
7.9
8.5
8.4
8.9
8.6
8.5
(
g
)
..
22.6
12.8
11.4
8.7
8.5
6.5
6.9
6.9
6.6
(
g
)
..
24.0
25.9
Estonia
(
g
)
..
9.1
16.9
39.5
22.6
15.6
6.4
(
g
)
..
10.2
18.5
(
g
)
..
20.9
25.9
31.6
21.1
14.1
0.4
(
g
)
..
18.7
28.5
(
g
)
..
13.2
22.0
20.6
20.3
16.0
8.2
(
g
)
..
16.5
12.9
(
g
)
..
9.6
18.5
29.7
13.8
14.2
13.8
(
g
)
..
25.5
21.8
Finlandia
7.5
8.4
7.8
7.8
8.3
6.1
6.7
(
g
)
..
11.7
60.8
-1.5
4.9
5.5
5.5
3.9
3.2
2.5
(
g
)
..
12.7
109.9
11.1
10.9
11.9
11.9
9.6
9.6
10.6
(
g
)
..
27.5
19.7
9.0
9.0
8.8
8.8
7.1
7.0
9.3
(
g
)
..
28.6
27.3
Francia
8.7
10.7
10.9
10.6
0.0
(
g
)
..
7.6
(
g
)
..
12.4
30.9
7.8
9.4
7.8
8.1
0.0
(
g
)
..
10.6
(
g
)
..
12.5
29.8
10.7
9.9
10.1
11.4
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
10.9
(
g
)
..
14.5
14.1
9.9
9.4
8.9
10.9
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
9.3
(
g
)
..
18.4
18.5
Germania
7.4
6.7
8.2
7.5
8.8
(
g
)
..
7.0
(
g
)
..
12.2
40.2
5.6
5.8
5.9
6.4
4.6
(
g
)
..
4.0
(
g
)
..
10.2
40.3
11.5
9.6
9.2
13.4
10.6
(
g
)
..
12.0
(
g
)
..
16.1
16.5
8.4
8.2
6.8
8.5
6.4
(
g
)
..
7.4
(
g
)
..
18.5
14.0
Giappone
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
21.4
7.0
7.3
(
g
)
..
10.2
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
-4.9
-4.7
(
g
)
..
3.2
(
g
)
..
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
(
g
)
..
8.2
7.9
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
(
g
)
..
3.4
3.1
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
Grecia
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
4.1
4.1
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
10.9
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
7.8
7.8
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
12.5
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
7.5
7.5
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
4.1
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
9.6
9.6
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
6.1
(
g
)
..
Irlanda
9.6
14.7
20.4
30.3
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
9.8
(
g
)
..
21.8
64.4
25.4
23.5
21.3
15.0
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
8.0
(
g
)
..
29.0
74.9
13.9
12.8
19.8
29.9
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
20.8
(
g
)
..
26.8
32.3
17.7
11.5
14.2
21.0
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
19.8
(
g
)
..
38.5
56.9
Islanda
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
Israele
(
g
)
..
9.7
10.1
12.6
12.4
12.3
9.3
(
g
)
..
30.4
17.7
(
g
)
..
9.7
10.3
13.0
9.7
9.2
16.3
(
g
)
..
35.1
35.3
(
g
)
..
10.3
11.4
11.8
13.2
14.3
19.0
(
g
)
..
14.2
39.9
(
g
)
..
9.9
10.2
8.6
11.0
12.5
15.5
(
g
)
..
21.0
23.6
Italia
7.2
8.1
8.1
8.1
7.1
7.4
6.8
(
g
)
..
8.5
13.0
8.5
8.4
8.4
8.4
9.0
6.0
7.1
(
g
)
..
10.1
16.5
11.8
8.1
8.1
8.1
9.5
8.8
10.8
(
g
)
..
8.5
9.7
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.9
9.5
7.6
8.3
(
g
)
..
12.1
12.5
Lussemburgo
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
13.5
8.6
10.6
(
g
)
..
12.0
11.9
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
6.9
6.2
6.0
(
g
)
..
13.7
8.0
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
15.6
13.7
(
g
)
..
9.1
16.9
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
16.5
14.2
(
g
)
..
9.9
20.3
Messico
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
Norvegia
13.2
11.9
13.2
13.0
(
g
)
..
14.7
14.6
(
g
)
..
7.8
30.9
7.4
6.3
6.4
6.9
(
g
)
..
8.4
9.9
(
g
)
..
13.8
27.3
7.3
6.1
6.7
8.2
8.4
9.3
6.6
(
g
)
..
21.0
9.2
9.0
7.3
7.7
9.6
8.9
8.9
8.8
(
g
)
..
15.1
17.8
Nuova Zelanda
9.0
7.3
8.1
8.7
11.4
10.0
3.5
(
g
)
..
13.1
11.4
6.3
6.1
9.2
7.7
5.2
5.4
3.8
(
g
)
..
15.0
18.1
8.9
6.1
6.7
7.3
7.1
6.7
8.3
(
g
)
..
9.2
13.3
7.3
5.8
6.9
10.3
8.1
7.3
9.4
(
g
)
..
12.7
16.2
Paesi Bassi
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
5.7
5.7
6.1
4.8
(
g
)
..
..
14.9
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
5.1
5.2
5.6
3.5
(
g
)
..
..
20.0
7.4
7.9
7.9
7.2
9.5
8.3
6.5
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
11.5
6.2
7.0
7.0
7.0
8.6
7.5
6.5
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
12.9
Polonia
10.6
10.3
10.3
11.6
10.1
8.8
6.4
(
g
)
..
16.4
18.8
11.9
10.5
10.5
11.7
10.2
7.0
5.3
(
g
)
..
19.0
26.7
21.4
23.4
23.4
24.6
29.2
30.0
20.8
(
g
)
..
15.3
17.8
20.4
19.9
19.9
21.6
24.0
24.3
16.9
(
g
)
..
19.5
21.9
Portogallo
11.5
11.5
12.2
12.0
14.5
11.7
10.1
(
g
)
..
9.5
10.9
20.8
11.7
12.1
11.3
12.7
10.2
8.1
(
g
)
..
10.9
13.1
18.5
18.5
14.9
18.3
18.7
18.5
15.6
(
g
)
..
8.5
10.3
18.4
18.4
16.2
22.0
20.5
18.9
15.8
(
g
)
..
10.0
11.6
Regno Unito
13.5
12.5
13.9
18.2
18.2
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
10.7
26.9
10.5
6.6
9.3
6.7
3.8
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
9.8
42.2
11.2
7.4
8.2
14.3
15.7
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
11.5
12.8
8.8
7.3
7.5
12.3
8.7
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
14.0
13.2
Slovacchia
(
g
)
..
40.8
34.6
35.1
27.6
26.0
25.9
(
g
)
..
13.0
35.1
(
g
)
..
42.8
48.4
43.8
31.4
21.2
21.5
(
g
)
..
12.3
31.9
(
g
)
..
24.2
21.5
21.4
20.6
22.8
14.1
(
g
)
..
25.4
13.2
(
g
)
..
20.8
18.5
18.5
14.8
16.4
8.4
(
g
)
..
20.1
13.4
Slovenia
12.1
12.1
15.9
12.8
11.4
5.7
5.0
(
g
)
..
11.9
22.5
11.3
11.3
10.5
8.8
9.1
4.7
5.3
(
g
)
..
14.6
24.9
19.1
19.1
18.2
17.1
17.4
14.7
15.1
(
g
)
..
13.4
14.1
17.7
17.7
17.3
15.3
16.1
13.0
13.2
(
g
)
..
23.3
16.4
Spagna
9.5
11.4
21.2
35.3
14.5
15.9
24.5
(
g
)
..
11.4
15.5
13.7
20.4
24.9
16.5
11.3
11.7
14.8
(
g
)
..
15.3
17.0
9.0
9.3
10.2
11.2
9.1
10.4
8.9
(
g
)
..
11.7
13.9
11.3
11.3
12.1
14.5
10.5
10.6
13.0
(
g
)
..
11.9
17.8
Stati Uniti
21.4
20.2
20.6
19.4
23.5
17.4
17.6
(
g
)
..
17.6
25.7
19.6
17.8
16.5
16.7
17.4
12.9
15.5
(
g
)
..
17.9
33.7
11.3
11.5
12.3
15.4
15.7
14.9
13.4
(
g
)
..
25.2
19.7
8.6
8.8
9.1
12.9
12.2
11.9
11.3
(
g
)
..
30.7
19.8
Svezia
11.7
14.9
16.3
16.5
24.3
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
9.6
10.6
11.0
11.5
12.3
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
7.1
6.4
7.6
7.4
8.4
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
5.8
5.7
6.5
7.1
7.3
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
Svizzera
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
13.5
74.8
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
13.7
42.3
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
28.7
13.6
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
23.7
14.0
Turchia
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
14.2
(
g
)
..
30.6
12.3
9.3
9.2
9.2
9.2
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
14.7
(
g
)
..
41.1
18.9
19.3
19.3
19.3
19.3
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
22.9
(
g
)
..
11.1
36.1
19.2
19.2
19.2
19.2
(
g
)
..
(
g
)
..
26.5
(
g
)
..
19.6
61.8
Ungheria
10.9
15.2
19.4
19.3
15.1
11.8
10.9
(
g
)
..
20.4
11.2
10.9
16.3
21.9
15.8
13.2
10.4
10.8
(
g
)
..
13.6
14.3
20.0
24.8
25.6
28.5
25.4
23.9
24.4
(
g
)
..
10.9
19.9
14.3
18.1
17.6
24.6
16.2
14.0
15.3
(
g
)
..
14.7
14.2
Legend:
g
il fenomeno esiste, ma i dati non si conoscono per qualsiasi ragione
Dati estratti il 18 mag 2024, 23h03 UTC (GMT) da
I.Stat
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